Glossary

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A

āfrom, by (+abl)
abfrom, by (+abl)
absum, abesse, āfuībe absent, be away
acand in addition, and also, and
accidō, accidere, accidīhappen, fall
adto, towards, at (+acc)
adhūcstill, to this point
adiuvō, adiuvāre, adiuvī, adiutushelp
adveniō, advenīre, advēnī, adventumcome to, arrive at
adventus, adventūs masc.arrival
āēr, āeris masc.air
aestas, aestatis fem.summer
ager, agrī masc.field
agitō, agitāre, agitāvī, agitātusdrive
agō, agere, ēgī, āctumdrive, do, act
albus, alba, albumwhite
aliēnus, aliēna, aliēnumforeign, strange
aliquis, aliquidsomeone, anyone
alius, alia, aliumother, another
alter, altera, alterumother (of two)
altus, alta, altumhigh, lofty, deep
ambulō, ambulāre, ambulāvī, ambulātumwalk
amīcus, amīcī masc.friend
amō, amāre, amāvī, amātumlove
ancīlla, ancīllae fem.female slave, maid
angustus, angusta, angustumnarrow
animal, animalis neut.animal, living thing
animus, animī masc.spirit, mind
annus, annī masc.year
antebefore, in front of (+acc)
antīquus, antīqua, antīquumancient, old-time, former
aperiō, aperīre, aperuī, apertumopen
apertus, aperta, apertumopen
appāreō, appārēre, apparuīappear, become visible
appropinquō, appropinquāre, appropinquāvī, appropinquātumapproach
apudnear, in the presence of (+acc)
aqua, aquae fem.water
arbor, arboris fem.tree
ardeō, ardēre, arsī, arsusburn
arma, armōrum neut.arms, weapons
armilla, armillae fem.bracelet
arripiō, arripere, arripuī, arreptusgrab, seize, snatch
ars, artis fem.skill
ascendō, ascendere, ascendī, ascensumclimb up, ascend
āter, ātra, ātrumdark, black
atqueand in addition, and also, and
ātrium, ātriī neut.atrium, living room
attenteattentively
attonitus, attonita, attonitumastonished
audiō, audīre, audīvī, auditumhear, listen to
aula, aulae fem.palace
aurum, aurī neut.gold
autor
auxilium, auxiliī neut.support, assistance, auxiliary forces
avis, avis fem.bird

B

baculum, baculī neut.staff, stick
balneae, balneārum fem.baths, bath house
bellum, bellī neut.war
benewell
benignus, benigna, benignumkind
bibo, bibere, bibīdrink
bonus, bona, bonumgood
brevis, breveshort, shallow, brief

C

cadō, cadere, cecidī, cāsumfall, be killed
caelum, caelī neut.sky, heavens
caeruleus, caerulea, caeruleumblue
calidus, calida, calidumwarm
callidus, callida, callidumclever, skillful
camera, camerae fem.room
canis, canis masc./fem.dog
capiō, capere, cēpī, captumseize
caput, capitis neut.head
carus, cara, carusdear
catacumba, catacumbae fem.catacomb
caterva, catervae fem.team
cauda, caudae fem.tail
caupō, caupōnis masc.innkeeper
caupōna, caupōnae fem.inn
causa, causae fem.cause, reason
celer, celeris, celereswift
celeriterquickly
cēlō, cēlāre, cēlāvī, cēlātumhide, conceal
cēna, cēnae fem.dinner
cēnō, cēnāre, cēnāvī, cēnātumdine, eat dinner
cēnseō, cēnsēre, cēnsuī, cēnsumthink , assess, rate
cerebrum, cerebrī neut.brain
cervus, cervī masc.deer
cēterus, cētera, cēterumother, others, the rest
cibus, cibī masc.food
cingō, cingere, cīnxī, cīnctumencircle, surround, gird
cinis, cineris masc./fem.ash, ember
circāaround (+acc)
circumspectō, circumspectāre, circumspectāvī, circumspectātumlook around
circumstō, circumstāre, circumstētī, circumstatumsurround
cista, cistae fem.trunk, box
cīvis, cīvis masc./fem.citizen
clamsecretly
clamō, clamāre, clamāvī, clamātumshout
clāmor, clāmoris masc.outcry, shout
clārus, clāra, clārumclear, distinguished
claudō, claudere, clausī, clausumclose, shut
clēmentergently
coepī, coepisse, coeptusbegin
cohors, cohortis fem.cohort, band, troop
conclāve, conclāvis neut.room
concurrō, concurrere, concursīmeet
conficiō, conficere, confēcīfinish
confidō, confidere, confisus sumtrust
congressus, congressūs masc.meeting, gathering
consentiō, consentīre, consensī, consensumagree
consilium, consiliī neut.plan
conspiciō, conspicere, conspexī, conspectuscatch sight of
contrāagainst, opposite (+acc)
conveniō, convenīre, convēnī, conventumassemble, meet, agree
convertō, convertere, convertī, conversumturn about, turn, change
convocō, convocāre, convocāvī, convocātumcall together
coqua, coquae fem.cook
coquō, coquere, coxi, coctuscook
cor, cordis neut.heart
cornū, cornūs neut.horn, wing of an army
corpus, corporis neut.body
cotīdiedaily
crāstomorrow
crēdō, crēdere, crēdidī, crēditumbelieve
crescō, crescere, crēvī, cretumgrow
cubiculum, cubiculī neut.bedroom
cubiculum, cubliculī neut.bedroom
culina, culinae fem.kitchen
cumwith (+abl)
cūrwhy
cūrō, cūrāre, cūrāvī, cūrātumwatch over, look after, care for
currō, currere, cucurrī, cursumrun
custōs, custōdis masc.guardian

D

down from, about, concerning (+abl)
dea, deae fem.goddess
dēbeō, dēbēre, dēbuī, dēbitumowe, ought
decemten
decimus, decima, decimumtenth
defessus, defessa, defessumtired
deinde/deinthen, next
dēlēo, dēlēre, dēlēvī, dēlētusdestroy
dēscendō, dēscendere, dēscendī, descēnsumclimb down, descend
deus, deī masc.god
dīcō, dīcere, dīxī, dictumsay
diēs, diēī masc./fem.day
discēdō, discēdere, discessī, discessumgo away, depart
dissimilis, dissimileunlike, dissimilar
diūfor a long time
dō, dare, dedī, datumgive
doceō, docēre, docuī, doctumteach
dolor, doloris masc.pain
dominus, dominī masc.master, lord
domus, domūs fem.house , home
dōnecuntil
dōnum, dōnī neut.gift, present
dormiō, dormīre, dormīvī, dormitumsleep
dūcō, dūcere, dūxī, ductumlead
dumwhile, until
duo, duae, duotwo
dux, ducis masc./fem.leader, general

E

ēout of, from (+abl)
eccelook, behold
edō, edere, ēsī, ēsuseat
effugiō, effugere, effūgīrun away, flee
egoI
ēheualas
eligō, eligere, elēgī, electumchoose
emō, emere, ēmī, emptusbuy
enimfor, indeed
eō, īre, iī/īvī, itumgo
epistula, epistulae fem.letter
equus, equī masc.horse
errō, errāre, errāvī, errātumgo astray, wander
esuriō, esurīrebe hungry
etand
etiamalso, even
etsīeven if
ēvānescō, ēvānescere, ēvānuīvanish, disappear
exout of, from (+abl)
exeō, exīre, exīvī, exitumgo forth
exerceō, exercēre, exercuī, exercitumtrain, exercise, carry on
exercitus, exercitūs masc.army
expectō, expectāre, expectāvī, expectatumwait for, expect
explicō, explicāre, explicāvī, explicātumexplain, unfold
extremus, extrema, extremumthe edge of, the farthest end of

F

fabūla, fabūlae fem.story, play
faciēs, faciēī fem.face, appearance
facilis, facileeasy
faciō, facere, fēcī, factumdo, make
familia, familiae fem.family
fas, neut.right, morally good
fēmina, fēminae fem.woman
fenestra, fenestrae fem.window
feriō, ferīre, ferīvī, feritumbeat, strike
ferō, ferre, tulī, lātumbear, carry, endure
fessus, fessa, fessumtired
fīlia, fīliae fem.daughter
fīlius, filiī masc.son
flamma, flammae fem.flame
flūmen, flūminis neut.river, stream
fluō, fluere, fluxī, fluctumflow
focus, focī masc.fireplace, hearth
forisoutside
fortasseperhaps
fortis, fortebrave
fortunatus, fortunata, fortunatumlucky, fortunate
fossa, fossae fem.ditch, furrow
fractus, fracta, fractumbroken
frāter, frātris masc.brother
fraudatrix, fraudatricis fem.cheater
frigidus, frigida, frigidumcool, cold
frustrāin vain
fugiō, fugere, fūgī, fugitumflee, escape
fulgeō, fulgēre, fulsīshine, flash

G

ganniō, ganīrewhine
gēns, gentis fem.family, clan
genū, genūs neut.knee
genus, generis neut.kind, origin
gerō, gerere, gessī, gestumwear, bear, manage
gladius, gladiī masc.sword
Graecus, Graeca, GraecumGreek
gubernator, gubernatoris masc.governor
gustatiō, gustatiōnis fem.appetizer

H

habeō, habēre, habuī, habitumhave, hold
habitō, habitāre, habitāvī, habitātumlive, dwell
Heirosolymī, Heirosolymōrum masc.Jerusalem
hem!ah! hm!
heriyesterday
hīchere, hinc: from here
hic, haec, hocthis
hincfrom here
hinnitus, hinnitūs masc.whinny
hodiētoday
holus, holeris neut.vegetable
homō, hominis masc.human being
hōra, hōrae fem.hour
hortus, hortī masc.garden
hospes, hospitis masc.guest, host, stranger
hūc illūcthis way and that

I

iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactumthrow, hurl
iaciō, iacere, iēcī, iactusthrow
iamnow, already
ianua, ianuae fem.door
ibithere
īciō, icere, īcī, ictumhit
īdemthe same
igiturtherefore
ignis, ignis masc.fire
ignoscō, ignoscere, ignōvī, ignotumforgive
ille, illa, illudthat
illīcthere
imperātor, imperatōris masc.commander
inin, on, into (+acc or abl)
incertus, incerta, incertumuncertain
incipiō, incipere, incēpī, inceptumbegin
infirmus, infirma, infirmumweak, sickly
ingēns, ingentishuge, enormous
inquamsay
inquitsay
insolitus, insolita, insolitumunusual, strange
intellegō, intellegere, intellēxī, intellēctumunderstand
interbetween, among, during (+acc)
interdiūduring the day
interimmeanwhile
interpellō, interpellāre, interpellāvī, interpellātuminterrupt
intersum, interesse, interfuīto be between, take part in, attend
intrāinside
intrō, intrāre, intrāvī, intrātumenter
intusinside
inveniō, invenīre, invēnī, inventumfind, discover
ipse, ipsa, ipsumhimself, herself, itself
īrātus, īrāta, īrātumangry
is, ea, idhe, she, it
iste, ista, istudthat, that of yours
Ītālia, Ītāliae fem. Italy
itaqueand so, therefore
iter, itineris neut.journey, route
iterumagain
iubeō, iubēre, iussī, iussumbid, order
Iūdaea, Iūdaeae fem.Judea (modern Israel)
iuxtānext to

L

labōrō, labōrāre, labōrāvī, labōrātumwork
lācrimō, lācrimāre, lācrimāvī, lācrimātumcry, weep
laetus, laeta, laetumhappy, glad, joyful
latrō, latrāre, latrāvī, latrātumbark
lātrō, lātrōnis masc.robber, thief
latrūnculus, latrūnculī masc.checker (for playing)
lectus, lectī masc.couch, bed
legatus, legatī masc.lieutenant, envoy, ambassador
legō, legere, lēgī, lēctumread, choose, gather
lentēslowly
liber, librī masc.book
līberī, līberōrum masc.children
lībertus, lībertī masc.freedman
lītus, lītōris neut.shore
locus, locī masc.place
longus, longa, longumlong, tall
luceō, lucēreshine
lūdō, lūdere, lūsī, lusumplay
lupus, lupī masc.wolf

M

macellum, macellī neut.market
magismore
māgnus, māgna, māgnumgreat, big
magus, magī masc.wizard, mage
maledicō, maledicere, maledīxī, maledictumcurse
mālum, mālī neut.apple
malus, mala, malumbad, evil
mandatum, mandatī neut.order
mānein the morning
maneō, manēre, mānsī, mānsumremain
manus, manūs fem.hand, band of men
mare, maris neut.sea
māter, mātris fem.mother
medius, media, mediummiddle, central
mensa, mensae fem.table
mensis, mensis masc.month
mercator, mercatoris masc.merchant
meus, mea, meummy
mīles, mīlitis masc.soldier
mirus, mira, mirumstrange, amazing, wonderful
miser, misera, miserummiserable, wretched
mittō, mittere, mīsī, missumsend, let go
moneō, monēre, monuī, monitumwarn, advise
mōns, montis masc.mountain
mōnstrō, mōnstrāre, mōnstrāvī, mōnstratumshow
mordeō, mordēre, momordī, morsusbite
morior, morī, mortuus sumdie
mors, mortis fem.death
mortuus, mortua, mortuumdead
moveō, movēre, mōvī, mōtummove
moxsoon
multus, multa, multummuch, many
murus, murī, Mwall
mussō, mussāremutter

N

namfor, indeed, really
nam/namquefor, indeed, really
narrō, narrāre, narrāvī, narrātumtell, relate, recount
natō, natāre, natāvī, nātatusswim
nauta, nautae masc.sailor
navigō, navigāre, navigāvī, navigātumsail
nāvis, nāvis fem.ship
necand not, nor
necessenecessary
necō, necāre, necāvī, necātumkill
nefas, neut.wicked, unlawful, morally wrong
nēmō, nēminis masc.no one
nepos, nepōtis masc./fem.grandson, granddaughter, grandchild
nequeand not, nor
nesciō, nescīre, nescīvī, nescitumnot know, be ignorant
nihil/nīl, neut.nothing, not at all
nisiif not, unless
nix, nivis fem.snow
noceō, nocēre, nocuīharm
nōlō, nōlle, nōluīnot want, be unwilling
nōmen, nōminis neut.name
nōminō, nōmināre, nōmināvī, nōminātumname
nōnnot
nonnesurely
nonnumquamsometimes
nonus, nona, nonumninth
nōswe
noster, nostra, nostrumour
novemnine
novus, nova, novumnew
nox, noctis fem.night
nūbēs, nūbis fem.cloud
nūllus, nūlla, nūllumnone, not one, not any
nūmen, nūminis neut.divine will, deity
numquamnever
nuncnow
nūntius, nūntiī masc.messenger, news

O

occupātus, occupāta, occupātumbusy
occurrō, occurrere, occucurrī, occursumrun to meet, run into
octavus, octava, octavumeighth
octoeight
oculus, oculī masc.eye
ōdī, ōdissehate
odor, odoris masc.scent, small
olfaciō, olfacere, olfēcīsmell
omnis, omneall, every, each
oppidum, oppidī neut.town
oppugnō, oppugnāre, oppugnāvī, oppugnātumattack
optimus, optima, optimumbest
ōrātiō, ōrātōriōnis fem.speech
ordo, ordinis masc.order, row, line
ōsor, ōsōris masc.hater

P

palaestra, palaestrae fem.exercise ground
pallium, palliī neut.cloak
panis, panis masc.bread
pāreō, pārēre, pāruīobey
pareō, parēre, paruī, paritumobey
parō, parāre, parāvī, parātumprepare, get ready
parvus, parva, parvumsmall, little
patefaciō, patefacere, patefēcī, patefactumshow, reveal
pater, patris masc.father, ancestor
paucī, paucae, paucafew
pāvō, pāvōnis masc.peacock
pax, pacis fem.peace
pecūliaris, pecūliarespecial, unusual, particular
pellis, pellis fem.skin, hide , pelt
perthrough (+acc)
pereō, perīre, perīvī, peritumperish, be lost
perīculōsus, perīculōsa, perīculōsumdangerous
perīculum, perīculī neut.danger
permulceō, permulcēre, permulsī, permulsumpat, rub
perna, pernae fem.ham
perterritus, perterrita, perterritumfrightened
pes, pedis masc.foot
pessimus, pessima, pessimumvery bad, worst
petasus, petasī masc.hat, cap
petō, petere, petīvī, petītumseek, aim at
phantasma, phantasmatis neut.ghost, phantom
pila, pilae fem.ball
piscis, piscis masc.fish
placeō, placēre, placuī, placitumplease
plēnus, plēna, plēnumfull
pōnō, pōnere, posuī, positumput, place
portō, portāre, portāvī, portātumcarry
portus, portūs masc.harbor, port
possum, posse, potuībe able
postafter (+acc)
posteāafterward
postquamafter
postrēmōfinally
postrēmus, postrēma, postrēmumfinal, last
potestās, potestātis fem.power
pōtiō, pōtiōnis fem.potion
praeclarus, praeclara, praeclarumfamous, distinguished
praetereābesides, moreover
praetereō, praeterīre, praeteriī, praterituspass, go past
prātum, prātī neut.meadow
prīdemalready
prīmus, prīma, prīmumfirst
prōcēdō, prōcēdere, prōcessī, prōcessumgo forth, advance
proculat a distance
propenear, next to (+acc)
propterbecause of (+acc)
protegō, protegere, protexī, protectumprotect, cover
prōximēnext
puella, puellae fem.girl
puer, puerī masc.boy
pugnō, pugnāre, pugnāvī, pugnātumfight
pulcher, pulchra, pulchrumbeautiful
purgō, purgāre, purgāvī, purgatumclean
putō, putāre, putāvī, putātumthink, suppose

Q

quamhow, than
quartus, quarta, quartumfourth
quattuorfour
quattuor four
queand
quī, quae, quodwho, which
quinquefive
quintus, quinta, quintumfifth
quiswho, which
quisquamany, anyone
quisquis, quidquidwhoever, whichever
quōfor which reason, to or in what place, to what end
quodbecause
quōmodohow, in what way
quoquealso, too
quothow many?

R

raeda, raedae fem.carriage , coach
raedārius, raedariī masc.carriage driver, coachman
ramus, ramī masc.branch
rectēcorrectly
redeō, redīre, redīvī, reditumgo back, return
referō, referre, rettulī, relātumbring back, report
regnum, regnī neut.kingdom
relinquō, relinquere, relinquī, relictumleave behind
remigō, remigāre, remigāvī, remigātumrow
reperiō, reperīre, repperī, reppertumfind, find out
rēs, reī fem.thing
respondeō, respondēre, respondī, responsumanswer
rēveniō, rēvenīre, revēnī, reventumcome back
rīdeō, rīdēre, rīsī, rīsumlaugh, laugh at
rogō, rogāre, rogāvī, rogātumask
Rōma, Rōmae fem. Rome
Rōmānus, Rōmāna, Rōmānum Roman
ruber, rubra, rubrumred
rusticus, rustica, rustcum in or related to the countryside

S

saepeoften
sagitta, sagittae fem.arrow
sanguisugus, sanguisugī masc.vampire
sapiens, sapientiswise
sapientia, sapientiae fem.wisdom
satisenough
scelestus, scelesta, scelestumwicked, evil
sciō, scīre, scīvī, scitumknow
scrībō, scrībere, scrīpsī, scrīptumwrite
secundus, secunda, secundumfollowing, favorable, second
sedbut
sedeō, sedēre, sēdī, sessumsit
semilupus, semilupī masc.half-wolf
semperalways, every
senātor, senātoris masc.senator
senex, senis masc.old man, elder
sentiō, sentīre, sēnsī, sēnsumfeel, perceive, understand
septemseven
septimus, septima, septimumseventh
sepulcrum, sepulcrī neut.place of burial, tomb, grave
sermō, sermōnis masc.conversation, dicourse
serviō, servīre, servīvī, servītumserve
servō, servāre, servāvī, servātumsave, watch over
servus, servī masc.slave
sexsix
sextus, sexta, sextumsixth
if
signifer, signiferī masc.standard-bearer
silentium, silentiī neut.silence
silva, silvae fem.forest, grove
similis, similelike, similar
sinewithout (+abl)
sistō, sistere, stitīstop
sodālis, sodālis masc./fem.friend, comrade
soleō, solēre, soluī, solitumbe accustomed
sollicitus, sollicita, sollicitumworried
sōlumonly, merely
sōlus, sōla, sōlumonly, alone
somnus, somnī masc.sleep, slumber
sonitus, sonitūs masc.sound
soror, sororis fem.sister
spectō, spectāre, spectāvī, spectātumlook at, consider
spērō, spērāre, spērāvī, spērātumhope
spēs, spēī fem.hope
spīrō, spīrāre, spīrāvī, spīrātumbreathe
statimimmediately
stō, stāre, stetī, statumstand
strēnuus, strēnua, strēnuumenergetic, active
stultus, stulta, stultumstupid
stupeō, stupēre, stupuībe astonished, be amazed, gape
subunder, at the foot of, close to (+acc or abl)
subitōsuddenly, unexpectedly
sui, sibi, sē/sēsēhimself, herself, itself
sum, esse, fuī, futūrumbe
summus, summa, summumhighest, the top of
suō, suere, suī, sutumsew, stitch
superō, superāre, superāvī, superātumovercome, surpass, defeat
supersum, superesse, superfuīsurvive
suprāabove
surgō, surgere, surrēxī, surrēctumrise
susurrō, susurrāre, susurrāvī, susurrātumwhisper, murmur
suus, sua, suumhis own, her own, its own

T

tablinum, tablinī neut.study, master's office
tabula, tabulae fem.wax tablet
taceō, tacēre, tacuī, tacitumbe silent, be quiet
tacitēsilently, quietly
taediōsus, taediōsa, taediōsumboring
tālis, tālesuch
tamso, so much
tamennevertheless, still
tandemfinally
tangō, tangere, tetigī, tāctumtouch
tantumsuch a
tegō, tegere, texī, tectumcover
tegō, tegere, tēxī, tēctumcover, conceal
templum, templī neut.temple
temptō, temptāre, temptāvī, temptātumtry, test
tempus, tempōris neut.time
tenēbrae, tenēbrārum fem.darkness, shadows
teneō, tenēre, tenuī, tentumhold, keep
terra, terrae fem.land
terreō, terrēre, terruī, territumterrify, frighten
territus, territa, territumfrightened
tertius, tertia, tertiumthird
theatrum, theatrī neut.theater
timeō, timēre, timuīfear, dread
timidus, timida, timidumshy
tollō, tollere, sustulī, sublātumlift, raise up, destroy
tomāculum, tomāculī neut.sausage
tōtus, tōta, tōtumwhole, entire
trānsacross (+acc)
tres, triathree
triclinium, tricliniī neut.dining room
tristis, tristesad
you
tumthen
tuncthen
tunica, tunicae fem.tunic
turba, turbae fem.crowd, uproar
tūtus, tūta, tūtumsafe, protected
tuus, tua, tuumyour

U

ubiwhere, when
ullus, ulla, ullumany
ultrabeyond
ululātio, ululātiōnis fem.howl
ūlulō, ūlulāre, ūlulāvī, ūlulātumhowl
umbra, umbrae fem.shade, shadow
undefrom where
undiquefrom all sides, on all sides
ungula, ungulae fem.hoof
ūnus, ūna, ūnumone
urbs, urbis fem.city
usquamanywhere
utas
utiqueat least
uxor, uxōris fem.wife

V

valdēvery
vātes, vatis masc./fem.seer, prophet
veniō, venīre, vēnī, ventumcome
verberō, verberāre, verberāvī, verberātumbeat, hit
verbum, verbī neut.word
versipellis, versipellis masc./fem.werewolf
vertō, vertere, vertī, versumturn
vesper, vesperis fem.evening
vester, vestra, vestrumyour
vestis, vestis fem.garment, robe, clothing
vexō, vexāre, vexāvī, vexātumannoy
via, viae fem.way, street
viator, viatoris masc.traveler
videō, vidēre, vīdī, vīsumsee
vīlicus, vīlicī masc.slave overseer
vīlla, vīllae fem.villa, country house
vincō, vincere, vīcī, victumconquer
vir, virī masc.man
visitō, visitāre, visitāvī, visitātumvisit
vita, vitae fem.life
vīta, vītae fem.life
vīvō, vīvere, vīxī, vīctumlive
vivus, viva, vivumalive, living
vixscarcely
volō, velle, voluīwish, want, be willing
volō, volāre, volāvī, volātumfly
vōsyou
vōx, vōcis fem.voice
vulnerō, vulnerāre, vulnerāvī, vulnerātumwound, hurt