In the next chapter, you will learn another new verb tense. But before you do, let's review the ones we know already.
Personal endings
|
|
Singular (translation) |
Plural (translation) |
|
1st person |
ō or m (I) |
mus (we) |
|
2nd person |
s (you) |
tis (y'all) |
|
3rd person |
t (he, she, it) |
nt (they) |
General rules for regular verbs in the present system
|
|
1st conjugation (-āre) & 2nd conjugation (-ēre) |
3rd conjugation (-ere) & 4th conjugation (-īre) |
|
Stem for present system |
remove re from 2nd principle part |
remove ō from the 1st principle part |
|
Present tense I give, I am giving |
stem + endings |
ō (1st sg.) stem + i* + endings u (3rd pl.) |
|
Imperfect tense I was giving, I used to give |
stem + ba + endings |
stem + ēba + endings |
|
Future tense I will give |
b (1st sg.) stem + bi + endings bu (3rd pl) |
a (1st sg.) stem + e + endings |
* if there is already an i at the end of the stem, don’t add another one
|
sum, esse |
possum, posse |
eō, īre |
volō, velle |
ferō, ferre |
|
|
Present |
|
|
Singular |
|
|
|
1st |
sum |
possum |
eō |
volō |
ferō |
|
2nd |
es |
potes |
is |
vis |
fers |
|
3rd |
est |
potest |
it |
vult |
fert |
|
|
Plural |
||||
|
1st |
sumus |
posumus |
imus |
volumus |
ferimus |
|
2nd |
estis |
potestis |
itis |
vultis |
fertis |
|
3rd |
sunt |
possunt |
eunt |
volunt |
ferunt |
|
|
|||||
|
Imperfect |
Singular |
||||
|
1st |
eram |
poteram |
ībam |
volēbam |
ferēbam |
|
2nd |
eras |
poteras |
ības |
volēbas |
ferēbas |
|
3rd |
erat |
poterat |
ībat |
volēbat |
ferēbat |
|
|
Plural |
||||
|
1st |
eramus |
poteramus |
ībamus |
volēbamus |
ferēbamus |
|
2nd |
eratis |
poteratis |
ībatis |
volēbatis |
ferēbatis |
|
3rd |
erant |
poterant |
ībant |
volēbant |
ferēbant |
|
|
|||||
|
Future |
Singular |
||||
|
1st |
erō |
poterō |
ībō |
volam |
feram |
|
2nd |
eris |
poteris |
ībis |
volēs |
ferēs |
|
3rd |
erit |
poterit |
ībit |
volet |
feret |
|
|
Plural |
||||
|
1st |
erimus |
poterimus |
ībimus |
volēmus |
ferēmus |
|
2nd |
eritis |
poteritis |
ībitis |
volētis |
ferētis |
|
3rd |
erunt |
poterunt |
ībunt |
volent |
ferent |