As you will remember, the case of a Latin noun tells us what its function is in the sentence. At this point, you should be familiar with the following case uses:
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Case |
Use |
Example |
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Nominative |
Subject |
Mārcus arborem vidit. Marcus sees the tree. |
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Predicate nominative |
Cornēlia puella est. Cornelia is a girl. |
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Genitive |
Possession |
Haec est villa Flaviae . This is Flavia's house. This is the house of Flavia. |
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Dative |
Indirect object |
Sextus canī cibum dat. Sextus gives the dog food. Sextus gives food to the dog. |
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Accusative |
Direct object |
Caledōnia cenam coquit. Caledonia cooks dinner. |
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Place to which |
Dāvus ad hortum ambulat. Davus walks to the garden. |
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Ablative |
Place where |
Aurēlia in atriō sedet. Aurelia sits in the atrium. |
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Place from which |
Cornēlius ēx hortō currit . Cornelius runs out of the garden. |
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Accompaniment |
Cornēlia cum Flāviā ambulat . Cornēlia walks with Flavia. |
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Means |
Tītus glādiō pugnat . Titus fights with a sword. |
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Vocative |
Direct address |
Sexte , ubi es? Sextus , where are you? |